2022英语周报高二第三期B版答案

20.预测……)经调节和体液调节在近五年高考中有三次以非选择题的形式进行了考查。这类题涉及面广,需要在脑中构建知识框架,能充分考査学生获取信息的能力、理解能力,也能一定程度上反映学生的实验探究能力和综合运用能力。思路……(1)食物的形状、气味及味道等经由①②过程促进胃泌素的释放属于神经调节,胃泌素又引起胰液的分泌属于体液调节。(2)反射弧由五部分组成,具体到该反射,反射弧为:胃体中的感受器→传入神经→神经中枢→传出神经→胰腺。胃泌素属于激素,该激素调节胰液的分泌为体液调节。(3)盐酸进入小肠后,在盐酸的作用下,小肠黏膜可产生促胰液素,即图中的a。(4)胰腺可接受神经递质的作用,神经递质是信号分子。激素也是信号分子,图中可作用于胰腺的激素包括胃泌素、促胰液素、缩胆囊素。(5)一方面,不少内分泌腺本身直接或间接地受中枢神经系统的调节,在这种情况下,体液调节可以看做神经调节的一个环节。另一方面,内分泌腺所分泌的激素也可以影响神经系统的发育和功能。参考答案…(12分,每空2分)(1)神经和体液(或“神经-体液”)(2)胃体中的感受器→传入神经→神经中枢→传出神经→胰腺体液(激素)(3)促胰液素(4)神经递质、胃泌素、促胰液素、缩胆囊素(写不全不得分)(5)一方面,不少內分泌腺本身直接或间接地受中枢神经系统的调节,在这种情况下,体液调节可以看作神经调节的一个环节。另一方面,内分泌腺所分泌的激素也可以影响神经系统的发育和功能命题人讲评命制过程】以胰液分泌的调节为主线,考查神经系统对腺体分泌的直接调节和间接调节,同时对促胰液素发现实验中涉及的内容进行了考查,最后通过题中实例总结出了神经调节和体液调节的关系。【得分锦囊】将神经调节、体液调节、激素调节、神经-体液调节、分级调节、反馈调节放在具体情景中进行比较分析。激素、酶、神经递质、维生素、淋巴因子;受体、抗体、载体等也都是容易混淆的概念,必须将它们区分清楚临考提醒】要根据特定的语言环境和试题情景,选填“神经-体液调节”“分级调节”“反馈调节”。

【参考范文】One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. Appearing exhausted, he came to myroom and sat near me, the leg bleeding. I called my mother and she quickly tied a bandage around his leg andgave him food to eat. I was very upset. But the next day, Spotty followed me wherever I went happily asusual though he limped a bit. After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense. I reallyadmired him a lot for his courageAlmost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. We rushed out and saw himbarking continuously, heading somewhere. After some time Spotty became quiet. I patted him on his backand came inside. The next morning, my heart skipped a beat when I didn't see Spotty. I searched for him ineach and every corner but in vain. And this time he had gone and would never come back. I cried and waitedfor him. But there were no signs of him and I only say him looking at me with his sparking eyes in my dream

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